The negative return for car motors is through which component?

The negative return for car motors is provided through one running rail. In the operation of electric trains, the electrical circuit is typically completed by using the running rails as a pathway for the return current. The car's motors draw power from the positive side of the electrified third rail or overhead line, and the negative return flows back through the railway's running rails. This design is efficient and minimizes the need for extensive wiring, as the rail infrastructure itself serves as part of the electrical circuit. Understanding this concept is vital for recognizing how the train's electrical system is structured and the role the running rails play in ensuring a reliable and safe operation of electric transportation systems.