Which material is typically used for the core of an electromagnet?

The core of an electromagnet is typically made of iron because of its high magnetic permeability, which allows it to effectively concentrate and enhance the magnetic field generated by the electric current flowing through the coil. Iron can easily become magnetized, meaning that it can quickly gain and lose its magnetic properties depending on the electrical input. This characteristic makes it an ideal material for electromagnetic applications, as it allows for a strong and responsive magnetic field.

Steel, while also a viable option for some electromagnets due to its magnetic properties, is generally less effective than pure iron when it comes to maximizing the strength of the magnetic field. Copper and aluminum, although conductive and useful in electrical applications, do not have the properties necessary to serve as effective cores for electromagnets, as they do not enhance the magnetic field as iron does. Therefore, iron is the most commonly used material for the core of an electromagnet.